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The Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was a series of five legislative enactment's, passed by
the US Congress during August and September 1850. These measures were designed
to reconcile the political differences then dividing the antislavery and proslavery
factions of Congress and the nation. The measures dealt chiefly with the question of
whether slavery was to be sanctioned or prohibited in the regions acquired from Mexico
as a result of the Mexican War. The Compromise was clearly better for the North than the South.
The Compromise of 1850 consisted of laws admitting California as a free state,
creating Utah and New Mexico territories with the question of slavery in each to be
determined by popular sovereignty, settling a Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute in
the former's favor, ending the slave trade in Washington, DC, and making it easier for
southerners to recover fugitive slaves.
At the close of the Mexican War, in 1848, the United States owned vast
stretches of territory without local government. All the land now included in New
Mexico, Arizona, and California was then unsettled. In 1848, gold was discovered in
California. Thousands of people, mostly from the Northern states, joined the gold rush.
In a few months 80,000 had settled in the mining region. To maintain order in these
settlements, an established government was needed. California asked to be admitted
to the Union as a flee state--one which would not permit slavery. The United States,
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